17. 8. In my judgment their accounts do have a certain coherence and quality that would suggest that they have sought to do their best in bewildering circumstances. Post-immunisation advice was given". '(&NJdsB. On examination, the left knee was "warmer to touch than the right, with mild erythema and swelling over the knee". (9) He anticipated that S's level was 30-35 when she was born, not adequate and markedly deficient. I therefore come to the conclusion that the local authority has not discharged the burden of proof on the balance of probabilities. 35. The child appears by her children's guardian and has been represented by Miss Dixon. Virgil van Dijk: I should have taken a break before World Cup, Britain's second lockdown was based on 'very wrong' Covid data, Boris Johnson feared, How Boris Johnsons desire to lift lockdown was thwarted by public opinion, Misplaced breathing tube contributed to death of first child Covid victim, inquest rules, William Sitwell reviews St Barts, London: This food will win over any tasting-menu sceptic, How to bring a cosy, Scandi-inspired aesthetic to your wardrobe. One or both of the parents, and/or the grandmother knows what has happened to S on all the occasions she has suffered injury. Victoria and Jake Ward and William, right. He also is an expert of considerable renown. 3.o-VR;+lZsA30PK#>] FP+irJBp%MU :g I{,8fVn|aQY/,E/sa8Cd8sfhD5wGtkE4*8*q0zW,7(Ic 57 0 obj <>stream On 3 August 2011, S and the mother were seen at home by the Community Nurse, and the record shows that the mother had no concerns. Torus fractures can result from a fall, from a direct blow, or from indirect forces applied to the limb when the leg is gripped and forcibly bent, a force well in excess of normal day to day handling of an infant. An X-ray was performed at the time along with other tests and appeared to present no bony injury and no metaphyseal infraction. The father recalled that S "cried throughout", crying as soon as the examination started although the doctor carried on. The Consultant Paediatrician, as the locum consultant paediatrician at the local NHS trust, described himself as a 'relatively recently qualified paediatric consultant.' 13. In the last week of the last Parliamentary session the judgement was rubber stamped into law. He trained in Paediatrics and Radiology in Cambridge and London, and was awarded a PhD in brain imaging in 2002 from the University of Cambridge. It is further positive that the professionals involved with the family have reported no concerns regarding the children's wellbeing whilst in the care of their parents prior to S being admitted to a local hospital with a fracture to her left femur.'. So, as I review the evidence of the parents and the grandmother, it appears that there is a strong strain in the evidence that runs counter to the evidence and conclusions of Dr Fairhurst, producing by its weight and nature what I would regard as a substantial likelihood that this family would not perpetrate the sort of violence which according to the medical evidence of Dr Fairhurst and the Consultant Paediatrician must have been inflicted upon her. * Panorama's Please Don't Take Our Child is broadcast on BBC One tomorrow at 8.30pm. At this point I summarise his evidence by identifying the following features: (1) Professor Nussey has a clear and far-reaching understanding of endocrinology and the systems involved with Vitamin D and bone mineralisation. Extensive high quality images throughout the book, and additional illustrations, aid the reader with diagnosis and detailed referencing points to further reading. I have taken account of the fact that she gave her evidence through an interpreter while having at least a working grasp of English. On Thursday 20 October 2011 S was brought to the GP surgery by the parents and given her immunisation injections, in each thigh, by the Health Visitor. The parents and the maternal grandmother, she asserts, would all take care of S and T throughout the day. I record in relation to the father that I found his evidence and his certain directness in quality with immediate and unhesitating answers suggested a genuine response. 0 The note records both mother and grandmother as being present. 6. 15. 41 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2E609F2171D9B848924D49576AA30896>]/Index[34 24]/Info 33 0 R/Length 56/Prev 68695/Root 35 0 R/Size 58/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream They could offer no explanation as to how the fractures may have happened. S had regained and passed her birth weight. 14. I have heard the evidence of the experts as follows: (1)Dr Fairhurst, consultant paediatric radiologist, and read her reports, notably that of 13th February 2012; (2) A Consultant Paediatrician and his report of 5th March 2012; (3) I have heard the evidence of Professor Steven Nussey, Professor of Endocrinology, and read his reports of 10th and 22nd July 2012; (4) I have heard the evidence of the mother; the father; and the grandmother, and read their statements filed in this case; (5) I have heard the evidence of the health visitor. The first section lists common clinical presentations, the differential causes and the appropriate imaging pathways needed to confirm the diagnosis, with recent imaging advances for each condition. Based primarily on the evidence of Dr Fairhurst, the local authority has levelled a broad spread of allegations against the three adults in the household at the material time the mother, father and grandmother. 22. I found Professor Nussey to be highly knowledgeable in his field; careful; and able to consider and assist the court on all matters put to him. The fractures at 2, 3 and 6 above were only identified by Dr Fairhurst. In his second report after reviewing the outcome of the medical investigations after his original report he held to the view that there was a high suspicion for a non-accidental causation. The fractures of the ribs require considerable force and well in excess of day to day handling or even rough play. I gave a short judgment identifying the difficulties in which the paediatrician found himself in dealing with the analysis of Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency which was outside his expertise and which presented a substantial difficulty in the case. DR KARL JOHN JOHNSON is a Consultant Radiologist from Birmingham. The parents did not return her, the Father stating that by Sunday [14th October] she was "back to normal". Fractures of the antero-lateral aspects of the left 8th and 9th ribs were caused by (a) a direct blow or compressive forces applied to her chest by an adult carer, (b) she would have shown distress for 10-15 minutes and shown discomfort when her chest was moved such as when she was dressed and a regular carer would know this was as a result of these fractures with discomfort lasting for a week. septic arthritis." Dr. Gregory D. Jackson is a Radiologist in Birmingham, AL. Dr. Karl Johnson is a Consultant Paediatric Radiologist at Birmingham Children's Hospital, and has been there since 1998. John is a Consultant Endocrinologist at Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham (QEHB) and an Honorary Senior Lecturer at the University of Birmingham. On 22 October a skeletal survey was performed and reported on by Dr Steven Johnson, Consultant Radiologist. In the light of this observation, the involvement of local Children's Services inevitably followed and the proceedings were commenced, as I have indicated in this judgment.30. But in the light of all that is known about the parents and from my impression of them in evidence balanced against all that is submitted and produced by the local authority it is not likely, in my judgment, that her injuries were caused by non-accidental force. 8. Book reviewed by Sana Ali, ST5 paediatric radiology, and Dr Karl Johnson, 's Hospital. %%EOF Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. The local authority place considerable weight on the evidence of Dr Fairhurst as to the interpretation and significance of the X-rays, the report of 13th February 2012 and the evidence as to the mechanism of injury in relation to spiral fractures, metaphyseal fractures, fractures of the antero-lateral aspects of the ribs and a torus fracture raise very serious implications for the family members. However, she was very unsettled again by 22nd October 2011 and so the parents and grandmother took her to the A&E Department at the local hospital. Location Dr. Johnson is presently the Chair of theBritish Society of Paediatric Radiology. They were able to discuss and demonstrate that they were able to sustain routines for S during contact sessions and with T in the home. The family are very close and have a loving relationship. Birmingham B4 6NH, Questionnaire for parents with children aged 5-9, Monday, Wednesday and Thursday/Friday afternoon, Four to six times per year at Queen Elizabeth Hospital on a Tuesday morning. In due course a consultant paediatric radiologist went on to identify fractures to the left upper arm, right lower arm, distal left femur, left and right tibia and two rib fractures. Had an instructive and engaging educational experience. I will quote only two passages, in order to convey the tone and broadly positive view that emerges from this report, at p. 3 and from the Conclusions at p. 16. He appeared to be frank and open in his answers and not devious. She is the radiology lead for child protection, rheumatology, orthopaedic and skeletal dysplasia multidisciplinary meetings at Alder Hey Childrens NHS Foundation Trust. The Judge formed the strong impression that the parents were careful, child focused parents who had demonstrated good quality parenting dealing with S's older sibling.The Judge took into account the evidence of an endocrinologist who opined that the absence of radiologically identifiable rickets did not mean there were no rickets. Within each chapter there are three consistent sections. Right wrist fracture, a metaphyseal (bucket-handle) fracture of the distal right radius (difficult to date). It is reasonable to conclude that they were lower before then because she was breastfed. While I have taken account of inconsistencies with the records available, I did not form the view that her evidence was demonstrably or readily to be interpreted as that of someone seeking to mislead the court, cover her tracks or draw a veil of ignorance over matters about which she had some knowledge. hbbd``b`J5 `n\ a#H #e \ The report presents what is effectively the high water mark of the extent of the injuries and the existence and extent of these injuries has not been challenged, although Miss Trustman urges the court in respect of the injuries only reported by Dr Fairhurst to approach the existence of such injuries with caution, particularly the torus fracture to the distal femur, since they were not identified by any other clinicians and their identification appears to rest on Dr Fairhurst's own expertise and experience as a consultant paediatric radiologist over 21 years. Tel: 0121 335 8260 The team Our team is made up of consultant radiologists, sonographers, radiographers, health care assistants and administrative staff. Specialties Catch-up service: Paediatric Radiology 2022, Catch-up now with our case-based Paediatric Radiology webinar that took place in February 2022. It is positive that Children's Services have no history of involvement with this family and furthermore the family have no history of involvement with the police. Dr Fairhurst thinks that they may have been sustained as I set out in their approximately chronological order: 1. He confirmed the presence of the humeral fractures and rib fractures and, following further X-rays, identified what he thought was a healing fracture of the proximal left tibia. I return to consider T and his behaviour later in this judgment.12. greater confidence in managing the imaging of an acutely unwell child. She also offered the view that the fractures were likely to have occurred on three separate occasions; the constellation of injuries was in her opinion highly indicative of non-accidental injury. In the absence of an explanation of the injury to S's left arm, the Consultant Paediatrician considered that there was a "high level of suspicion that the humeral and rib fractures may have been sustained as a result of non-accidental injury". The father maintains that there could be some natural explanation for S's injuries.38. The Judge considered that S was seen five times at medical appointments when she was said to be suffering from fractures and noted that at those appointments not only did they not reveal the fractures but nor did they raise any suspicion about the parents. The Judge surveyed the 'wide canvas' of the case including the manner in which the parents gave their evidence. Arrested, charged by police and threatened with having their child taken away by Cambridgeshire county council's social workers, it took two years for the Wards to clear their name. Her case is that she came to the United Kingdom specifically to support her daughter and son-in-law with the day to day care of the children. 11. No plausible explanation has been offered for any of these injuries. N and D appeared able to actively provide a high level of basic care for their children.'. Angry that parents like themselves could be put through such an ordeal without being able to challenge the credibility of experts called to give evidence against them, the Wards returned to the High Court. Particular difficulties were encountered with receiving the evidence of the grandmother by Skype from Sri Lanka with the connection frequently being lost and with further doubts arising over the correctness of the interpretation of her evidence. She moved back to London, to Great Ormond Street Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, where she obtained a PhD for her thesis, Optimisation of the digital radiographic imaging of suspected non-accidental injury, then returned to Sheffield as a HEFCE-funded Clinical Senior Lecturer in the Academic Unit of Child Health. The record shows "baby crying and unsettled today. Left knee is swollen, feels hot and tender. The father completed a course in tourism management and completed a post-graduate degree in business management. Subscribe for updates and offers on new events for your specialty. T was described as "very attached to his mother" becoming jealous when mother was with S. He was described on examination as very active in clinic, playing with his sister and wanting to hold her. There were evident deficiencies in translation by the interpreter. In surveying the 'wide canvas' further, I take into account the evidence of Professor Nussey because the manifest injuries do call for explanation. The final section details the imaging findings in a wide variety of clinical conditions. An X ray showed a spiral fracture of the left humerus. This company officer is, or was, associated with at least 1 company roles. The maternal grandmother denied harming S and did not accept that her daughter or son-in-law would not do the same. On the contrary, the evidence appears to demonstrate that the parents had the wellbeing of S in mind and acted to seek medical attention. This led them to suspect that he may have caught his right leg between the bars of his cot and the mattress of their own bed, causing him to fracture it as he struggled to pull it clear. The Wards subsequently won a legal fight in the High Court for the judgement to be made public. It is not possible to know which incidents or movements caused or gave rise to force sufficient to bring about fractures. This person was born in December 1965, which was over 57 years ago. On 17 August 2011, S was taken to the clinic at 4 weeks old to be weighed. I am satisfied that neither the mother, the father, nor the grandmother can be held responsible for causing the injuries in a non-accidental or careless way and the court remains unable to find any one of them more likely than the others to have caused them. Fee includes 90 days of access with unlimited playback during this time. With no help from outside agencies their couple mounted their own investigation into the cause of their son's injuries. Paradoxically, the last fracture-type injury in time to occur (in all probability), the left humeral fracture, was the first to be identified on 22 October 2011. He stated that on the Saturday morning, at bath time, the grandmother noticed her left arm was swollen and tender and she cried when being dressed or undressed. He has a special interest in paediatric musculoskeletal disorders, in particular juvenile arthritis and non-accidental injury. Fax 847-678-6286 Tooting whose report is at E76-E 279 and Dr. Karl Johnson, consultant paediatric radiologist at the Birmingham Children's Hospital . It was the maternal grandmother's view that her daughter and son-in-law did not injure S. The maternal grandmother also mentioned that she had cared for her own children, relatives and grandchildren and was capable of ensuring that children are properly and safely cared for. Since the medical centre was closed, they took S to the local hospital.25. General radiologists and senior radiology trainees Radiologists with an interest in Paediatric Radiology The content Ten sessions over two days: Head and Neck Chest Gastrointestinal Genito-urinary MSK: Non-Traumatic Inflicted Injury: Brain MSK 1: Traumatic (inc Inflicted Injury) MSK 2: Differential diagnosis Inflicted Injury: A Medico-Legal Update Mr Sami Al-Ani I have in particular noted the GP entry reports and the visits made by the parents for checks or routine appointments. On the balance of probability T could not have caused the injuries to S either by (a) jumping on the family bed whilst S was lying on it or (b) pulling her bouncy chair when she was in it. 31. After the birth it became apparent he had a medical problem with intestinal obstructions and severe constipation, requiring a good deal of medical attention and a surgical procedure at 3 weeks. But in clarification of this remark Professor Nussey said that it would be reasonable to use the words 'increased vulnerability to fracture' in relation to S. 53. The local authority issued care proceedings on 2nd November 2011. 6. 41. Over the next 10 months the Wards were visited by at least three expert witnesses who had been asked by the judge to give their opinions. A spiral fracture requires a force to cause a fracture in this way that is 'well beyond that used during normal day to day handling.' She weighed 6lbs 15 ozs (3.15 kg) at birth and was born by emergency Caesarean section. As to the grandmother, she gave evidence by Skype from Sri Lanka and as I have earlier said her evidence was subject to unavoidable and unfortunate technical difficulties. A post-graduate degree in business management not accept that her daughter or son-in-law would not Do same. 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