Then, we must do a better job supporting survivors when they escape. Additionally it will improve or develop national referral systems and strengthen trafficking-in-people data collection, analysis and reporting. Guedet Mandzela |Gabon, Stopping Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by International Peacekeepers and Civilian Personnel, International, Regional, and Sub-Regional Organizations Combating Trafficking In Persons, Annual Report on the Use of Child Soldiers, Sections 405(c) and (d) of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act (CSPA) of 2008 (22 U.S.C. Page 619: Picture Alliance Page 9: Picture Alliance This, coupled with a shortage of protective equipment to supply police, resulted in many law enforcement officers and other specialized anti-trafficking officials becoming infected with COVID-19, some of whom died. While the TVPA and the UN TIP Protocol call on governments to proactively address trafficking crimes, some governments are part of the problem, directly compelling their citizens into sex trafficking or forced labor. Notably, the R-ARCSS requires the Government of South Sudan to refrain from the recruitment and/or use of child soldiers. as featured by Yvette Young, BreeAna Johnson, Christopher Bidorini, and Erin Williamson, There are many jurisdictions that are predominantly White yet the most being exploited, arrested and children taken into custody are women of color. The Human Trafficking Foundation started a Google group, and the Freedom Collaborative initiated a COVID-19 Response Facebook group. Hungary RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CONTINUED GROWTH IN THE INTEGRATION PROCESS, Hiring Survivors and Ensuring a Trauma-informed Work Environment, Establishing Administrative Processes for a Trauma-informed Workplace. Rwanda Russia Thus, it is imperative to stop the spread of misinformation, including conspiracy theories, both to combat sex and labor trafficking and to prevent violent extremism and counter threats to U.S. national security. Invite a diversity of lived experience experts to be part of organizational staffing, not only because of what they have survived but also for the professional skills and expertise they offer. For example, in the United States, the Departments of State, the Treasury, Commerce, and Homeland Security released the Xinjiang Supply Chain Business Advisory to alert businesses and other entities to the reputational, economic, and legal risks of involvement with entities in or linked to Xinjiang. Observers noted the judiciarys broad discretion and inconsistency in granting bail, as well as reports of fraud and corruption within the bail process, engendered concomitant recidivism (repeat offences), victim re-traumatisation and a perception of impunity.. Moldova Such circumstances create unique vulnerabilities. Second, ensuring that a child feels safe is crucial, which means that the physical space must be easily accessible, ideally through its own entrance and exit, and separates the survivor from the perpetrator to prevent further trauma. 1107, 6 December (2013). The governments efforts to address child soldiers are continually discussed at regular RJMEC and CTSAMVM meetings. Sex trafficking encompasses the range of activities involved when a trafficker uses force, fraud, or coercion to compel another person to engage in a commercial sex act or causes a child to engage in a commercial sex act. Page 55: Picture Alliance These attacks and threats may require that the organizations divert even more resources away from victim services to improve cyber security and personal security for NGO staff. In 2017, IOM estimated that 41 percent of child trafficking experiences are facilitated by family members and/or caregivers. As the anti-trafficking community has grappled with how to integrate these ideals, it often conflates them. Mauritius Empower survivors to outgrow the label of only a survivor. In addition, IOM developed free, publicly available tools, such as its online course, Countering Human Trafficking in Humanitarian Settings and its publication, Counter-Trafficking in Emergencies: Information Management Guide, to encourage humanitarians, government staff, anti-trafficking experts, and others to integrate anti-trafficking into their response work routinely. Whether the government of the country cooperates with other governments in the investigation and prosecution of severe forms of trafficking in persons and has entered into bilateral, multilateral, or regional law enforcement cooperation and coordination arrangements with other countries. Detention in these camps is intended to erase ethnic and religious identities under the pretext of vocational training. Forced labor is a central tactic used for this repression. THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENTS AND THE FINANCIAL SECTOR. Proactive partnerships between governments, financial institutions, law enforcement, civil society, and survivor experts are critical to identifying illicit financial activity associated with human trafficking. The kafala systems rules and limitations enable abusive employers to use unscrupulous employment practices that can constitute forced labor; including excessive work hours; retention of passports and travel documents by the employer; non-payment of wages; and physical, psychological, and sexual abuse or threats of abuse. It is undeniably essential for governments to execute effective, coordinated public health responses to prevent further loss of life and economic damage as a result of the pandemic. Many reputable sources publish information online to help the public understand when information being shared about human trafficking is misleading or false. Many of these migrant workers must abide by the kafala system, in effect mostly in the Gulf states (Bahrain, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), Jordan, and Lebanon. Harold Jahnsen Law enforcement officers eventually identified Benilda, and social workers assisted her in getting the help she needed. Bemaka-Souis tireless leadership and her efforts to forge these institutional frameworks resulted in the critical foundation for the government to steadily improve its efforts to combat human trafficking. International organizations conducted and produced most of the initial comprehensive assessments of the impact of COVID-19 on anti-trafficking efforts and highlighted areas in which to adapt policy approaches and target resources. Philippines "The 2022 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report covered government efforts undertaken during the reporting period from April 1, 2021, through March 31, 2022," the spokesperson said. Al-Obaidly and his team have been strategic and persistent in the drive to instill real change, even when the task at hand seemed impossible. In June 2020, the Government of Sri Lanka approved a National COVID-19 Response Plan for Migrant Workers that covered prevention and the protection of trafficking victims, while the UK government extended public-funded safe accommodation for current victims and survivors for an additional three months. The steps include continuing to support during the reporting period the UN Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) Action Plan to end use and recruitment of child soldiers. Belize With limited access to wraparound services that, in many cases, are integral to survivors independence and well-being, trafficking survivors are at an increased risk of re-victimization. In 2019, Congress amended the TVPA to acknowledge that governments can also act as traffickers, referring specifically to a government policy or pattern of human trafficking, trafficking in government-funded programs, forced labor in government-affiliated medical services or other sectors, sexual slavery in government camps, or the employment or recruitment of child soldiers. Kuwait Third, a multidisciplinary child-friendly space provides survivors with an array of comprehensive services and referral networks in one place. Anti-trafficking actors in all sectors should increase collaboration with the private sector to strengthen anti-trafficking efforts that encourage and support prevention of forced labor in supply chains, especially as companies aim to make up for pandemic-related production disruptions and widespread unemployment drives vulnerability. In addition, SAMHSAs Six Key Principles of a Trauma-Informed Approach refers to the necessity of creating and protecting psychological and physical safety within the organization, fostering trust through transparency, providing peer support, and leveling power differences through collaboration, empowerment, and cultural humility. Frequently, service providers use the same approaches and resources for familial trafficking that are used for all types of human trafficking, which can be inappropriate and even harmful. We need to overcome the years of institutional bias and discrimination by politicians trying to criminalize our use of bathrooms or marriages. Those with lived experience help run the mobile units, and they are able to effectively identify and approach potential trafficking victims. These PME courses would focus on the professionalization of military forces, and would bolster the rule of law within the Yemeni Armed Forces. The project is expected to go on for 24 months. The traffickers coercive scheme is what matters, not a victims prior consent or ability to meaningfully consent thereafter. Special thanks to Daniel Kim, Lamya Shawki El-Shacke, and the creative services team at Global Publishing Solutions. The following year, a country must either go up to Tier 2 or down to Tier 3. U.S. law prohibits perpetrators from using debts as part of their scheme, plan, or pattern to compel a person to work or engage in commercial sex. Based on this knowledge, the field has adapted anti-trafficking efforts to support survivors in specific, appropriate, and effective ways. Disrespecting survivor leaders and their experiences hurts and further exploits survivors, who are key stakeholders in the anti-trafficking movement, and it ultimately perpetuates a harmful and deficient understanding of what it means to be survivor-informed. Self-disclosing ones trafficking experience also became riskier, especially for victims quarantined with their trafficker, given reduced opportunities for movement and the risk of COVID-19 infection posed by fleeing into the community. Continuing to bolster Afghan military capability and professionalization through military education and training of Afghan security forces will contribute to a climate that is more favorable for achieving a political settlement and implementing its outcomes. Iran These images, however, do not capture the reality of most cases of sex and labor trafficking. Because of this increased vulnerability, establishing and maintaining child-friendly spaces is critical to prioritize during the pandemic; they can even be a safe place where children learn about public health protections such as social distancing, mask wearing, and proper hygiene. For purposes of the preceding sentence, suspended or significantly reduced sentences for convictions of principal actors in cases of severe forms of trafficking in persons shall be considered, on a case-by-case basis, whether to be considered an indicator of serious and sustained efforts to eliminate severe forms of trafficking in persons. Within this decrease in obligated funds, donors shifted support to humanitarian and health sectors, consequently resulting in lower commitments to prevent conflict and support peace, security, and human rights. William Hine-Ramsberger The FATF Recommendations provide a useful framework for jurisdictions to address illicit finance related to human trafficking by strengthening their national AML laws and policies and by improving coordination and information sharing domestically and internationally. Create protocols for what all staff should do if they feel exploited by the organization or individuals within the organization. 7103 (d) (7) ). When we couldnt pay, we slept on subways, in empty warehouses, in cars, or on couches. Regardless of socioeconomic background, child survivors of familial trafficking situations often have limited avenues for resources when seeking assistance. If another family member notices the exploitation of the child, there is a strong incentive to look the other way to protect the family, both physically and in reputation, from outside interventions. For the knowing commission of any act of a severe form of trafficking in persons, the government of the country should prescribe punishment that is sufficiently stringent to deter and that adequately reflects the heinous nature of the offense. Along with overall PME training, IMET funding for Cameroon also strengthens military justice and civil-military relations, helping make Cameroons armed forces more transparent and accountable. The reality is that abuse, pain, torture, and exploitation is the only existence these survivors may have known. Austria For example, organizations will prioritize hiring a survivor as a staff member or consultant and then equate that action with becoming a fully trauma-informed entity, while failing to use a trauma-informed approach to care, which often retraumatizes individuals receiving services. Mozambique When traffickers use debts as a means to compel labor or commercial sex, they have committed a crime. Page 40: Picture Alliance As a result, there was a significant increase in suspicious transaction reports filed by financial institutions related to this activity. These determinations cover the reporting period beginning April 1, 2020 and ending March 31, 2021. Lucia Gallegos Traffickers, in turn, factor these racial biases and stereotypes into schemes and strategies aimed at reducing their own risk of getting caught while increasing the risk of law enforcement improperly penalizing victims. The COVID-19 pandemic increases childrens vulnerability to trafficking for several cross-cutting reasons. The embassy, along with the Ministry of National Security, the police Counter Trafficking Unit and other law-enforcement agencies, will work to improve identification, screening, arrests and prosecution of trafficking cases. 1. Togo Overall, the intensified impact on the mental health and physical well-being of trafficking victims and survivors from long-term isolation, reduced access to services, and general COVID-related risks reaffirms the need for comprehensive, trauma- and survivor-informed, and victim-centered anti-trafficking responses during the pandemic. The UAE has played a role in a major Interpol operation to tackle human trafficking around the world, leading to hundreds of arrests. To be truly effective, a comprehensive approach to prosecution, protection, andmost of allprevention must embed racial justice and equity across its policies and programs. Of further concern, experts have identified the strategic production and dissemination of false narratives about sex trafficking by white supremacists and other extremists, including violent extremists, in the United States as a means of recruiting new members. These challenges further compound existing vulnerabilities to exploitation, including human trafficking. Shelly Westebbe Domestic workers are often isolated and may work alone in a house. Communicate updates on the progression of these changes. Further, financial institutions can engage with survivors of human trafficking to inform their efforts, including on the development of training programs to enhance the ability of frontline staff and other industry professionals to detect transactions connected to human trafficking, how and when to intervene, and how to determine when a third party is benefitting from the exploitation of another. [Scroll bar is available at the bottom of the table. Nonetheless, the challenges uncovered by COVID-19 are monumental and may be long lasting, requiring sustained collaboration among governments, civil society organizations, private sector leaders, survivor leaders, and other anti-trafficking actors to adjust and respond aptly to overcome these challenges. Whether the government of the country vigorously investigates, prosecutes, convicts, and sentences public officials, including diplomats and soldiers, who participate in or facilitate severe forms of trafficking in persons, including nationals of the country who are deployed abroad as part of a diplomatic, peacekeeping, or other similar mission who engage in or facilitate severe forms of trafficking in persons or exploit victims of such trafficking, and takes all appropriate measures against officials who condone or enable such trafficking. Antigua and Barbuda The use of child-friendly spaces reflects a multidisciplinary approach, providing a place for children to feel safe in the wake of trauma and for social workers, medical professionals, law enforcement, and others to conduct victim interviews, psychosocial counseling, and medical care all in the same location. International Military Education and Training $394,066 The spokesperson did not identify specific individuals to be investigated. We also expect that FMF may support elements of the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program for the Super Tucanos. Chad This approach focuses on the needs, healing and empowerment of victims, the spokesman said. No reported allegations. NATO relies on contributing countries to report allegations as early as third quarter 2021. The U.S. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) reported a 98.66 percent increase in online enticement reports between January and September 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, and reports to their CyberTipline doubled to 1.6 million. These initiatives, as well as any near-term security sector programming, will be used to support the security sector reform/disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (SSR/DDR) and governance needed to end the conflict and the recruitment and use of child soldiers. Survivors have known that the justice system is flawed: just ask the victims arrested and prosecuted for their traffickers crimes., Fainess Lipenga, We salute the survivor leadersthose with lived experience of human traffickingwho have demonstrated resilience and reaffirm that employing trauma- and survivor-informed approaches is essential, crisis or not. In three years, I had slept with over 500 people. Low-wage and migrant workers and those in the informal economy faced riskier employment conditions, including restricted movement, minimal oversight mechanisms, withheld wages, and increasing debtsall indicators or flags for human trafficking. The 2020 Trafficking in Persons Report marked the first time the U.S. Department of State applied this new provision, finding 12 governments had a policy or pattern of trafficking, including: Afghanistan, Belarus, Burma, China, Cuba, Eritrea, Iran, North Korea, Russia, South Sudan, Syria, and Turkmenistan. As seen in most fields during the pandemic, technology has become a powerful means to connect people and collect information, while limiting individuals exposure to the virus. Countries in Violation of the Standards Under the CSPA in 2020. Amy ONeill Richard In Lesotho, a group of trafficking survivors in a shelter produced masks for themselves and the local community, contributing to the fight against the pandemic. Cabo Verde Portugal In November 2019, the government used official media platforms to amplify calls by Yemeni human rights activists at the UN Human Rights Council for the Houthis to end child recruitment and use, and radicalization to violence. Shehas traveled throughout Europe, mentoring and training others and becoming a leading spokesperson for anti-trafficking initiatives in Europe. During the pandemic, APRAMP also created intervention guides that set the standard for recent government guidelines for serving victims of trafficking. Funds typically support training and equipment sustainment, including spare parts for Nigerias C-130 fleet. In her role as Presidential Advisor and the national Disarmament, Demobilization, and Repatriation programs Strategic Focal Point for Children, Bemaka-Soui operationalized the governments nascent anti-trafficking interagency committee and led the development and implementation of the countrys first national action plan on human trafficking. Khassanova and Sana Sezim have bravely remained on the front lines to continue assisting migrants stranded at the Kazakhstan-Uzbekistan border due to pandemic closures, and who thus faced increased risk to human trafficking. Yet, despite the added challenges and risks that the pandemic has presented, we have also witnessed the adaptability among those continuing to combat human trafficking and their dedication to ensuring the continuation of anti-trafficking efforts to minimize the effects of the pandemic on victims and the broader anti-trafficking community. On World Day Against Trafficking in Persons, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) released new resources aimed at combatting human trafficking and supporting victims. One of the three projects, the USAID Heal-Empower-Rise Counter Trafficking in Person Project, cost US$950,000. At the local and regional levels,she is persistent in advancing advocacy, outreach, and rehabilitation services to combat human trafficking. In addition to putting a child trafficking victim at ease by providing a safe and structured environment for play and learning, such spaces also can help facilitate the prosecution of human traffickers by offering critical support to children as they provide information to law enforcement to help hold perpetrators accountable. The integration of a victim-centered approach into system-wide efforts on sexual exploitation and abuse, including risks to beneficiaries and others associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, was strengthened in 2020. South Sudan OSCE Alliance against Trafficking in Persons: Decision No. In the resulting absence of adequate anti-trafficking responses around the world, victims went unidentified, survivors were underserved, and traffickers were not held accountable. In many of these cases, children may simply have no other trusted adults actively engaged in their lives. Report: Police, coast guard, immigration officers also involved. MANILA - President Rodrigo Duterte on Monday admitted that he was upset upon learning that many government officials were involved in the illegal drug trade.. She launched one of the countrys preeminent NGOs dedicated to combating child trafficking, Service International de la Formation des Enfants de la Rue (SIFOS), in 2000 and has led the organization since its founding. In addition to GNA-aligned units, others, including the self-styled Libyan National Army, have engaged in the recruitment and use of child soldiers. While facing pre- and post-election crises and an ongoing strain on resources, Bemaka-Soui has steadfastly made sure the interagency committee remains consistently engaged on the issue, and she has played a pivotal role in marshalling assistance from key partners and developing key training and outreach programs. Uruguay They left their country with fake passports and worked hard laying asphalt and stone in residential neighborhoods. He is the Co-President of the Lawyers Network for Technical Intern Trainees, the President of the Lawyers Network for Foreign Workers, and a prominent legal expert in foreign labor issues. As of April 5, no funds subject to CSPA have been obligated. Turkmenistan. Confronted, however, with eyewitness testimony and thoroughly researched reporting from multiple sources, the PRC eventually admitted the existence of the camps. Bulgaria In recent years, participants in online forums have spread a number of false and misleading claims about child sex trafficking, sometimes deliberately deceiving the public through disinformation efforts connected to conspiracy theories unrelated to human trafficking. An official website of the United States Government, https://fiscal.treasury.gov/files/reports-statements/treasury-reporting-rates-exchange/treasury-reporting-rates-of-exchange-as-of-december-31-2020-with-amendments.xlsx, Office of the Special Envoy for Critical and Emerging Technology, Office of the U.S. Sudan The purpose of the Network is to engage experts, particularly those with lived experience of human trafficking, to provide expertise and input on Department of State anti-trafficking policies, strategies, and products. The US Department of State urges the Government of Trinidad and Tobago to investigate fully and transparently any official suspected of complicity in human trafficking, and to seek conviction and sufficiently stringent punishment of any official found to be complicit, a spokesman from the US Embassy in Port of Spain said. In March 2013, Cabrera accepted the position of specialized prosecutor for human trafficking at the State of Mexico Attorney Generals Office. Page 44: Elisabetta Zavoli The acts element of forced labor is met when the trafficker recruits, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains a person for labor or services. El Salvador A survey by the Office of Security and Co-operation in Europes OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) and UN Women highlights that almost 70 percent of trafficking survivors from 35 countries reported that their financial well-being was heavily impacted by COVID-19, and more than two-thirds attributed a decline in their mental health to government-imposed lockdowns triggering memories of exploitative situations. This waiver will allow assistance that directly contributes to efforts to advance the UN-led political process. The US Department of State has once again urged Government to crack down on officials suspected of being involved in human trafficking. The embassy spokesman said there were three main programmes through which the US Embassy and Department of State were co-ordinating counter-trafficking in TT. In contrast, when Black and Brown bodies go missing you dont hear about their disappearance anywhere near as often, if at all., Autumn Burris, Haiti Gabon Perpetrators use technology in human trafficking schemes. It's important to note, though, that human trafficking can include, but does not require, movement. 2551 (XL-O/10), Department of Public Security and Department against Transnational Organized Crime, The OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector(2017), OECD Task Force on Countering Illicit Trade, OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings (2003), Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Trafficking in Human Beings, Regional Conference on Migration Plan of Action (updated in 2009), The Liaison Officers Network to Combat Migrant Smuggling and Trafficking in Persons, SADC Strategic Plan of Action on Combating Trafficking in Persons, especially women and Children (2009-2019), Economic Community of West African States, European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation, Council of Europes Group of Experts on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings, International Criminal Police Organization, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Intersex, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime. The Secretary-General has institutionalized mechanisms to continue engagement and cohesion across the United Nations system, and prioritized leadership accountability relating to sexual exploitation and abuse through mandated action plans and personal certifications. Families may require children to find work due to lost income, government and NGO protection services may be reduced, and children might not be attending school where they have access to trusted adults. Nigeria may receive EDA for maritime security improvements in the form of former U.S. Coast Guard vessels, which have been used to improve maritime navigation and counter-piracy efforts in the Gulf of Guinea and Niger Delta. In 2013, the United States Federal Strategic Action Plan on Services for Victims of Human Trafficking in the United States (Plan) identified the importance of engaging with survivors in decision-making processes as anti-trafficking leaders. Honduras The WhatsApp forum allowed the nearly 350 police and prosecutor participants to share tips and resources on effective methods for trafficking investigations and prosecutions. Traffickers often seek out individuals with weaker community or family connections, knowing they have fewer safeguards. The President has further certified that the governments of the above countries are taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the World Food Programme (WFP) conducted consultations with staff in high-risk duty stations on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse during COVID-19. Reimi Pieters The assertion came days after government and opposition politicians pointed fingers at each other over a 2022 Trafficking in Persons report issued by the US which suggested government officials were complicit. To extract this work, governments coerce by threatening the withdrawal of public benefits, withholding salaries, failing to adhere to limits on national service, manipulating the lack of legal status of stateless individuals and other minority groups, threatening to punish family members, or conditioning services or freedom of movement on labor or sex. Malta In India and Nepal, young girls from poor and rural areas were often expected to leave school to help support their families during the economic hardshipsome were forced into marriage in exchange for money, while others were forced to work to supplement lost income. Traffickers Quickly Adapt and Exploit COVID-19-related Risks. Of vocational training eventually identified Benilda, and social workers assisted her in getting the help she.. Quarter 2021, mentoring and training $ 394,066 the spokesperson did not specific! 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