The Self-report study based on the symptoms described by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) [6], which makes measuring depressive severity possible. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 190(2), 94-99. Therefore, future research should provide additional evidence of BDI-II validity to a more substantial degree. 2013;35(4):416-431. doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2012-1048, Lee EH, Lee SJ, Hwang ST, Hong SH, Kim JH. The BDI has also been found to be sensitive to intervention effects in and randomized trials with individuals with diagnosed PTSD (e.g., Bryant, Moulds, Guthrie, & Nixon, 2005; Ehlers et al., 2005; Kubany et al., 2004). 0 I am not particularly discouraged about the future. Crossref. Learn more about accessibility at UWMadison. Cross-cultural examination of measurement invariance of the Beck Depression Inventory-II. 3 I am so sad and unhappy that I can't stand it. The beck depression inventory (BDI), a 21-item questionnaire widely used as a screening tool for affective, psychological, and somatic symptoms associated with depression. Simith, S.D., Schwartz, R.C., George, R.G., & Panke, D. (2004). If you are concerned about your level of depression, there are many resources available to help you. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Affiliation Osman, A., Kopper, B.A., Guttierez, P.M., Barrios, F., & Bagge, C.L. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Michael, T., Ehlers, A., & Halligan, S.L. Cross-cultural validation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in Japan. The total scale was the only one that presented values greater than .80 ( = .89; corrected item-total correlations between .37 and .62). Dr. Beck and his colleagues found that the BDI had good reliability and validity. Scoring The Beck Depression Inventory. The BDI-II can be administered orally by an examiner to those with reading difficulties or problems with concentration. BDI-II scores are correlated with scores on the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the MMPI-A, and the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised; and BDI-II scores discriminate between adolescents who do and do not meet DSM-IV criteria for a major depressive disorder (Krefetz et al., 2002; Kumar et al., 2002). (2003). On the other hand, values lower than .06 for the RMSEA are considered optimal and lower than .08 are considered acceptable. 1203 Words; 5 Pages; Multimethod validation of the Beck Depression Inventory and Grossman Cole Depression Inventory with an inpatient sample. Convergent validity of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale in psychiatric inpatients. ERIC Educational Resources Information Center. The Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to measure severity of depression consistent with symptoms of depression as presented in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association 1994) in both adolescents aged 13 years and older and adults (Beck et al. Affiliation Depression is a common condition affecting people of all ages and races [], with high prevalence among youngsters in Latin America [2-4].Early onset depression is of interest because of the need to identify early cases of depression and potentially prevent or reduce consequences later in life [5, 6].Between 20% to 33% of those who meet criteria for the diagnosis of lifetime major depression . (2005). The authors suggest findings provide support for the BDI-II in this population (Al-Musawi, 2001). Screening, Identification, and Assessment, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Trauma-Informed Organizational Assessment, National Veteran and Military Families Month, Sensitive to Theoretically Distinct Groups. Depression stands out not only for its high prevalence, but also due to the probability of associated relapse and recurrence. (2004). Project administration, * E-mail: zgarcia@pucmm.edu.do, zoiloegarcia@gmail.com. Indeed, Hunt et al [63] demonstrated that subjects who administered a manipulated version of BDI-II in which the purpose was disguised and the content was padded with items that not tap depression symptoms, scored significantly higher than subjects who completed the original scale. Although they used the original BDI in this study, they suggested that results would generalize to the BDI-II given the overlap between the two. The mean age was 37.20 (SD=15.91). [34] tested fifteen competing BDI-II models including unidimensional, multidimensional and bifactor models, and revealed that bifactor models provided the best fit to the data, supporting the view that BDI-II assesses a single latent construct. For example: When the test is scored, a value of 0 to 3 is assigned for each answer and then the total score is compared to a key to determine the depressions severity. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a bifactor model with a general depression factor and three specific factors consisting of cognitive, affective and somatic showed the best fit to the data. So far, the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) has become one of the most widely used measures to assess depressive symptoms and their severity in adolescents and adults [4]. Psychometric characteristics of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with college students of diverse ethnicity. In addition, the internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's statistic, and validity evidence was provided by comparing the BDI-II scores of the general population and the hospital population; to do so, successive Student's t tests were carried out for independent samples applying a HolmBonferroni adjustment to control for Type 1 error. What Is the Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale? No, Is the Subject Area "Factor analysis" applicable to this article? Psychological Assessment, 10, 83-89. If you or a loved one are in immediate danger, call 911. . Therefore, there is certain degree of uncertainty whether the BDI-II can be viewed as uni- or multidimensional and, in the latter case, the exactly number of factors. The Spanish adaption of Becks Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II): Psychometric properties in the general population/Adapatacin espaola del Inventario para la Depresin de Beck-II (BDI-II): Propriedades psicomtricas en poblacin general. Neal, J.A., Edelmann, R.J., & Glachan, M. (2002). Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., & Brown, G.K. (1996). Norms were based on a predominantly Caucasian sample. Enhanced priming for trauma-related material in posttraumatic stress disorder. Similarly, McElroy et al. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of "Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder" and "7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety.". Addressing this issue may have not only practical implications (i.e., how BDI-II score should be computed and interpreted) but also for conceptualization and assessment of depression. Copyright: 2018 Garca-Batista et al. However, comparison of its structure across countries and languages remains understudied. Journal of Affective Disorders, 82, 315-320. (This is a sampling of the literature in this area. Tests or assessments may also be conducted in order to gain additional information about the patient's mental health. The Beck Depression Inventory A study done by Boury et al. The BDI-II also has good convergent and discriminant validity. To sum up, the CFA results indicate that depression as measured by BDI-II can be conceptualized by cognitive, affective and somatic symptoms, and these symptoms may vary significantly depending on the severity of the depression (i.e., the depression general factor). Author: Aaron T. Beck. The reference for the manual is: Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., & Brown, G.K. (1996). According to the World Health Organization [3] depression is the leading cause of years lived with disability (YLD), and the most prevalent disorder among serious psychiatric disorders in primary care setting. References. Depression is a condition that changes millions of lives in a certain period of time. Emotion, 5(1), 103-112. Psychological Reports, 93(3), 1115-1129. Demyttenaere K, Jaspers L. Trends in (not) using scales in major depression: A categorization and clinical orientation. Since its publication, a number of studies have examined the validity and reliability of BDI-II across different populations and countries [8]. The BDI-II was revised in 1996 to be more consistent with DSM-IV criteria for depression. The BDI-II is widely used as an indicator . A PsychInfo search of Beck Depression Inventory or BDI AND trauma yielded 681 peer-reviewed journal articles (6/05). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The authors claimed that only two of the first-order factors, Cognitive and Somatic-Affective, were generalizable. They found a sensitivity of .85 and specificity of .83, as well as the positive and negative predictive power listed above. No, Is the Subject Area "Dominican Republic" applicable to this article? The measure has been found to be useful in detecting change in treatment-outcome studies. Cons: 1. (1998) examined the psychometrics of the BDI-II with adolescent outpatients and found good internal consistency. Cognitive trauma therapy for battered women with PTSD (CTT-BW). Yes Penley, J.A., Wiebe, J.S., & Nwosu, A. Although buying in bulk is great for saving you money, if you have only just set up your store then you may not have the money to buy stock until a customer makes an order. BDI-II assesses presence and intensity of mood symptoms. Bryant, R.A., Moulds, M.L., Guthrie, R.M., & Nixon, R.D.V. STUDIES WITH OTHER CULTURAL GROUPS AND DIVERSE POPULATIONS. International Journal of Testing, 7, 293-309. Psychiatry Investig. They found good internal consistency and factoral validity, with factor analysis identifying a general dimension of depression and two related factors, cognitive-affective and somatic-motivational, similar to the factor structure reported in the BDI-II manual. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). Conceptualization, International Journal of Testing, 4(3), 199-216. In contrast, all the corresponding bifactor models fitted well to the data. Less frequently, four [30] and fivefactors [31] have also been reported. Sprinkle, S.D., Lurie, D., Insko, S.L., Atkinson, G., Jones, G.L., Logan, A.R., & Bissada, N.N. (2014, January 28). (1998). Parents of children with PTSD symptoms related to sexual abuse and traumatic bereavement show decreases in BDI symptoms after participating in treatment with their children (Cohen, Deblinger, Mannarino & Steer, 2004; Cohen, Mannarino, & Knudsen, 2004). They found no differences between Caucasians and non-Caucasians but did report significant correlations between age and BDI-II scores. In contrast, findings concerning BDI-II factor structure have been somewhat inconsistent. The Beck Depression Inventory-II: Testing for measurement equivalence and factor mean differences across Honk Kong and American adolescents. The BDI-II is widely used as an indicator . Although the measure can be used for adolescents, the norms were gathered with adults. [5] original scoring instructions. The Beck Depression Inventory BDI is a 21-question, self-report rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression. Confirmatory factor analyses with adolescent psychiatric inpatients (Osman et al., 2004) identified a 2-factor solution as the most parsimonious and interpretable. Moreover, despite that cultural convergence is being accelerated due to increased globalization [39] and that major depression has been reported worldwide [40] there are considerable cross-cultural differences in the symptomatology of depression [41]. Bdi and trauma yielded 681 peer-reviewed journal articles ( 6/05 ) Jaspers L. Trends in ( not ) using in. Factors, Cognitive and Somatic-Affective, were generalizable were gathered with adults,,! 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